𝐋𝐢𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞-𝐚𝐡 𝐆𝐫𝐚𝐦𝐦𝐚𝐫 𝐚 𝐩𝐚𝐰𝐢𝐦𝐚𝐰𝐡 𝐞𝐦 ?

 

            Mihringin kawng engkima a mihring a nihna chi hrang hrang; lunglêng thei, lunghnûr ţhin, thinrim ţhin, lawma nui ţhin etc a nihna, mite hmuh theih tura thu leh hla hmanga a puan chhuahna hmanrua hi Literature (Thu leh Hla) chu a ni mai a. Mahse, thumal rem khawm nazawngte hi Literature huangah, mi tlem tê tih loh chuan an khung leng ngawt lo. Kal phung neia thu leh hla ziah chhuah dan ţhenkhat erawh, Literature khawvelah themthiamna (art) chi khata ngaih a ni ta bik a.

 

            Chu khawvela hlawhtlinna chu mimal anga thu leh hla themthiamnaa innghat a nih tlat avangin, mimalin fak tlak, hlutawm leh chawimawi phu khawpa themthiamna a neih chuan, thu leh hla khawvelah mi hlawhtling a ni mai ţhin. Literature lo pianna hmun nia ngaih hman lai Greek ramah kha chuan, thu leh hla hi chi thum: Hla hril (Poetry), Lemchan (Drama) leh Thu tluang (Prose) a ţhen hran an ni.

 

            Heng Literature chi thum hnuaiah hian, thu leh hla ziarâng tam tak an la awm leh ta zel a. Thu leh hla khawvel mawitu mi chi thum; Ziaktu (Writer), Chhiartu (Reader) leh Fakseltu (Critic) an awm bawk. Thu leh hla chi thum zingah hla hril (poetry) hi thu leh hla fir ber, thianghlim ber leh urhsun bera a ngaih a ni. Mizo nawlpui thu leh hla chim chin erawh, a hnuhnung ber huang hi a ni thung!

 

            Mizo Academy of Letters-in lehkhabu ţha ber a thlan tawhte han thlir pawh hian, Mizo Literature-in hma a sawn lutuk lohzia, chutih laia Pipute thu leh hla khawvela hla hril huang a chungnun lawrlak sizia hi, ţhangthar thu leh hla tui mi tam tak hriat loh niin alang. Tunah lek phei chuan zalenna changchawiin, hla hril tam zawkte hi pangpâr ang maiin ni khatah an vuai nghal fur a nih hi!

 

            Greek, Latin, Rome, khaw thlang sap-ho leh khaw chhak meng zimho thu leh hla te chuan, an hnam nun leh sakhaw biak milpui zelin, hla hril ziarâng hrang hrang; Lyrical, Epic, Ode, Ballad, Haiku, Tanka, Sonnet, Villanelle, Limericks etc an nei zel a. Italian, Shakespeare etc Sonnet hre hle si, Pipu tlar thum zai, Domangi zai, Lalruanga dawi hla, Dawn zai, etc ziarâng mumal fel tak nei thlip thlepte hre leh miah si lo kan tam ta.  

 

            Tichuan, kan rama thu leh hla tehfung ber pakhata kan han uar thar tak, Grammar vangin inhnialna a chhuah phah ta fo mai. Hnam tin ţawng hian kaihruaitu Grammar, thumal chheh dan leh hman dan hriltu an nei vek a. Chutiang bawkin, thu leh hla ţawng (literary language) pawhin phuartu a nei ve ngei e. Mahse, chu chu Literature peng pawimawh ber zinga pakhat ve mai chauh a ni.

 

            Grammar hi Literature innghahna bulthum, chu grammar aţang vek chuan thu leh hla ţha leh ropui lo chawr chhuak ta ang hiala ngaite an awm ta náwk a! Prose leh Poetry Literary Grammar pawh hnam a hrang ang bawkin, thil thuhmun an ni lo. Grammar of Poetry-ah chuan thumal inlaichinna aţanga thu awmze danglam dan azirin, Chinese-ho chuan thumal inremna an neih lawi loh laiin, Latin leh Greek leh Sap hman dan a danglam daih a nih hi!

 

            Chu inhnialna huang aţang chuan, Zonu chhûl chhuak zinga thu leh hla thiam berte zinga mi, Ţhuamtea Khawlhring chuan, “Language hi chu Grammar hmangin an zir ţhin a. Chu chu ’Dikna Ram’ ti pawhin kan sawi thei awm e. Literature erawh chu Grammar dân khirh pui pui aţanga tal chhuahna, zalenna ram a ni” tiin John Donne-a leh Wordsworth-a te thlavang hauh zawngin ţan a khawh ta a.

           

            Pu Ţhuamtea hi leilung danah pawh mi thiam ni pha chin niin, duhthawh takin, “Dikna ni lovin Mawina a lal tawh zawk ţhin. Grammar malmâk vek chuang si lova Rhetoric leh Prosody tuallena a ni. Tun laia Literature kan sukthlekpui duh dan filhţhuau mai, a ti awm miah lova a ruh hlang ringawt, mawina tel lo dikna chauh ang ngaih pawimawh hi, ka thiam ve zawng a ni lo” a tih phah ta hial a nih kha!

 

A chin chhuakin : Chuvangin, Pu Ţhuamtea ţanfung hi a rintlak reng em, tih kan chhui dawn a ni. Homer-ate aţanga mi fing Plato-a leh Aristotle-a te meuh pawh inlungrual thei lova siamtu, Greek rama Literature awpkeu a nih phat ata inchaltauhna chawk chhuaktu, thu leh hla zial puitlingtu thumal rem chhuah dana ngaihdan chi hnih awm hi tarlangin, kan bûk tawn a ngai ta a ni.

 

            Plato-a’n an hun laia hla phuahtu leh ziak mite nâ taka a sawiselnate, Aristotle-a’n Poetics lehkhabu hmanga a chhanlet aţangin thu leh hla fakselna, Literary Criticism pawh a lo piang ta a. Aristotle-a hian Literature hmelhmang chi hnih a rawn vawrh chhuak ta bawk. Fel fai tak leh hriat thiam awl zawng (Expressive Composition)-a thu chheh leh, a ruh lang râwt lo zawnga thu chheh, chhui dawnna aţanga hriat fiah theih (Constructive Composition)-te an ni.           

 

            Aristotle-a hian in leh lo ruangam din thiamin, uluk taka insak dan tur suangtuah kuala, a chhui dawnna lam hawi zawk hi thlawp mah se, a awlsam zawng leh felfai taka thu leh hla chhawp chhuah thiam hi a hnualsuat fithla tihna a ni chuang lo. Mahse, thu leh hla chhui dawn ngai leh awmze neite hrilh fiah kawnga inhnialna chawk chhuak theia Literature duan hi, a dah pawimawh zawk leh ngaih pawimawh zawk a ni ta a ni.

 

            Tichuan, khaw thlang rama Literature a lo pian pawh khân, Aristotle-a’n a ngaihdan rawn vawrh pahnih sawi fiahna thûk tak nei lem lo mah se, Literature a thlir dan chi hnih bawkin bul a rawn ţan chho ta reng a. A danglam takna erawh chu, ngaihdan chipchiar zawk leh kawng hmang fel zawk a lo piang ta hi a ni. Prose cheina ţawngkam bungrua (Literary Language) ziarâng leh Poetry ruangam hrang hrang an lo piang ta a ni. 

 

            Chutih rual deuh thaw chuan Literature ramri chhûnga grammar leh, thu leh hla chherna ţawngkam ziah chhuah dan chungchang thuah, zirtirna chi hnih a awm sa ve reng bawk a. Pakhat zawk chu Dân anga thu chheh duh (Analogists), kalphung mumal leh fel tak ngainatute niin, lehlamah tlema thiangzauho (Anomalists) an awm ve ta bawk a.

 

            Greek, Latin leh Rome Literature ramri chhûngah Cerero-a, Demetrius-a, Horace-a leh Quintilian-ate’n hla thu hman dan leh hla ziarâng an duang chho ţan ta a. Renaissance hunah harh tharna lo piang mah se, Literature khawvel chu Greek leh Latin Grammar hnuaiah, kal phung duan sa hmangin a la kal bauh bauh a. A bikin Latin Grammar zula thu leh hla remtute hi, an tenau lo hle.

 

            Spenser, Bacon, Marlowe, Ford, Johnson, leh Shakespeare-ate hming a intlar dul a nih kha. Danglamna kan hmuh tak erawh chu, sap ţawng thumal thar nasa taka rawn piang ta kha a ni. Shakespeare-a’n thumal thar diai 1700 vel a chher chhuah laiin, Jonson-ate’n thumal 500 vel leh midang dangin an chher chhuahte khân, nasa takin English Literature leh an ţawng a tihausa ta a ni.

 

            Elizabethan Era hunah English Grammar bu leh inkaihhruaina mumal a awm loh avangin, Latin Grammar an hmang rim ber a. Shakespeare-a khân tun huna grammar dân hmanga teh tlin hleih theih loh tur, tihsual leh nuihzatthlak tak taka thu rem (a hranin ka ziah tawh kha) a neihte, Ben Jonson-a’n a rawn hailang ta a. Hei vang hian mi tam tak chuan grammar palzut thiang ve rengah an ngaih phah ta a ni.

 

            Mahse, Jonson-a vek hian Shakespeare-a’n Latin Grammar a thiamzia, chu mi hmanga thu a chheh dan làm a tarlang leh lawi si a. Chuvang chuan a ni, Robert Graves-a’n, “Every English poet should master the rules of grammar before he attempts to bend or break them” tiin, grammar dân palzuttute’n tihluih, tih dik aia an thu leh hlain mi a hip zawkna turin, an thuneihna an hmang sual zauh ţhin. Ţawng hi pangpâr ni ta se, grammar tel lo chuan rimtui a chhuah lo ang, tih hian grammar pawimawhna a tarlang chiang ber awm e.

 

            Jacobian Hun lo thleng ve lehin, Elizabethan Poet-ho thu leh hla chheh dan ti thlip thlep chu, he huna Metaphysical Poet-ho chuan nâ takin an rawn tawng chho ta a. A hma zawnga hla thu un pui pui leh kawngkal bithliah thlip thlep chu a ţul ber lo tiin, John Donne-a leh a thurualpuite an lo lang chho a. Thumal mawlmang leh chhiar nuam, hriat thiam pawh awlsam siin, an thu leh hla an rem chho ta thung a.

 

            Mahse, Restoration hun-ah chuan a ngaite bawkin hla an phuah chho leh ta a. John Dryden-a leh Alexander Pope-a te phei chuan hla thu chu mi narân hriat thiam loh a ni tur a ni an ti hial a. Mahse, Romanticism hunah a hnârkaitu ber William Wordsworth-a khân zalenna a tlangaupui piahah, Preface to the Lyrical Ballads lehkhabu a rawn tichhuak ta.

 

            He lehkhabuah hian hla ziarânga a ngaihdan tarlangin, hla thu chu a mawl thei ang bera hman a rawn sawi mawi chho ve leh ta a. Thu leh hla thu te hi an hrang lo va, a hrang a hraia awm a ţul hek lo a ti hial a. Mahse, Coleridge-ate’n a ngaihdan an ţawmpui ve thei lo thung. Ţawng tuallêng leh hla thu rem dan chu a danglam ngei tur a ni, an ti a. Keini hunah TS Eliot-ate’n hla thu bik a awm lo, an rawn ti ta a nih hi.

 

            Literature leh ţawng : Kan pipute hun lai aţanga hla rua kan nei hrang thlap ang hian, hnam dangte pawhin hun hmasa lamah chuan ţawng tuallêng leh, thu leh hla rua an nei hrang thlap a. Khaw thlang ramte paw’n an khaw lai ţawng tuallêng hmanga thu leh hla an ziah chhuah takna hun hi, kum zabi liamta mai kha a ni. Shakespeare-a’n a lemchana a ţawng hman ang hian, a hun laia Elizabethan mipuite kha an titi ngai lo.

 

            Tichuan, a chângin awlsam leh mawlmang taka thu chheh an uar hnu lâwkah, an thu chheh awmzia hriat fiah har tak zawnga kal phung a lo danglam leh ţhin dan kan hmu chho zut a nih kha. Chuti chungin mipui mimir titina ţawngkam erawh, thu leh hla ruaah an hmang mawh hle!

 

            Sapho ţawng tuallêng hmanga Literature khawvela hlawhtlinna chang hmasatu chu Daniel Defoe-a Robinson Crusoe kha a ni an ti ţhin. Tichuan, Pu Ţhuamtea’n Literature chu grammar malmâk vek si lova Rhetoric leh Prosody tuallênna a ni, a lo tih lam kan hawi tawh dawn a ni. Eng nge Rhetoric chu ni a, Prosody pawh chu eng nge maw a nih reng reng le?

 

            Literary Language : Literature khawvelah hian zawhna pawimawh zet mai a awm a. Thu leh hla rua (Literary Language) kan tihte hi, ţawng tuallêng aţang veka rawn inzial mum ta em ni? tih hi a ni. Literature fiah taka tehkhin theihna chu ri mawi (music) hi a ni. Ri mawiah chuan ri inlalâwn (rhythm) te, thumal lam ri sâng leh hniam (tone-metre), thumal lam rik dan inang (rhyme), leh tlar tina thumal zat (syllable) etc te’n hla an siam pum ang chiahin, hla hril (poetry) pawh heng hmanga zial mum a ni ta a.

 

            Sapho grammar dik lo hi han en ta ula:

 

Happier they their happiness who knew - Shelley

 

Between You and I - Mark Twain

 

Shakespeare - And Benedick is not the unhopefullest husband that I know. —Much Ado About Nothing

 

And so may I, blind fortune leading me, miss that which one unworthier may attain, and die with grieving. —The Merchant of Venice

 

He and Aufidius can no more atone than violentest contrariety. —Coriolanus

 

            Hetianga thumal chheh dik lo hi, kan mi thiamte zingah hmang sual an awm ve ngai pawh ka hre mang tlat lo a ni.

 

            Hla hril phuahtu leh ziaktu ropui tak tak zingah, Grammar inthununtir duh miah lo an awm nual mai. A bikin American-ho an ni zual a. EE Cummings-ate khân Punctuation hmang dik lo mah se, a dam lai khân a thu leh hla vangin chawimawi 10 lai a dawng tho. A American-pui William Faulkner-a pawh Grammar palzuttu ni mahse, 1949 khân Nobel Prize for Literature a dawn bakah, Pulitzer Prize pawh vawi hnih lai a dawng thei tho!

 

            Tichuan, a tawp berah chuan Literature huangah hian grammar chu a lo pawimawh zet mai tih kan chhiar thei ta a. Chutih rual vek chuan, miin a thu leh hla a thluaithlum duh dan leh, chhiartu rilru lak pena hruai kual a duh dan azirin, zalenna zau tak a inpe thei bawk. Mahse, he poetical license hi Mizo tam zawkin kan hriat thiam dan angin an hmang lo. He poetical license hmanga thu leh hla ropui chhep chhuak thiam tur chuan, grammar thiam hle a ngai a ni zawk.

 

            Poetical license a hmang kan han tih vete hi, thiam loh luat vanga hmang ta an ang zawk fo. He zalenna hre thiam hlek lova zalenna lo inpe tâwk lah bo hek suh. Thu leh hla thiam chungchuangte zawkin he zalenna hi mawi leh tak nalh takin an lo hmang ţhin zawk a lo ni. Tun huna grammar-a inhnialna tam zawkte hi chuan, he zalenna ramri hi an dai pha eih lo a ni zawk. A kâwr an kheuh pil ţan ik ek chauh a ni zawk e.

𝐊𝐚 𝐍𝐮 𝐒𝐮̂𝐧𝐧𝐚 𝐇𝐥𝐚.

Rûn a ngui ruai, khawmual tlângtluanin,
Ka thinlai hmarpui suar ang a chim ni kha;
Nêmte'n tlai tin a her chhuak ţhin e. 

Pûkpui angin ka hmu thim ruai ruai,
Ka chûn lênna chûl ram fan chângin;
Kan nun puan ang a hlui thei lo'ng e. 

Awmhar tinkim ka dawn zo lo ve,
Suihlung tilêng pualchang rual mual an liam e;
Zatlâng lam kaia ka zuk hmuh le. 

Min tuarpui thiam lo ka chûn ngaih chu,
Zuapa, lung a lêng zan thla êng zâm kârah;
Phunchawng lelthâng ţahna kan vuan e. 

Hlimte'n lên lai ni a liam zo ta,
Ka ngai mang e kan sul i hnu mual liam lo;
Chûl hnu'n ngaiin mi au ve ang maw?

𝐋𝐮𝐧𝐠 𝐚 𝐥𝐞̂𝐧𝐠 𝐞̂𝐦 𝐞 !

 

A tuarah Partê ka zuau em ni le?
Tleitir tuaitir rimtui lêng heuh heuhah,
Dî zûnlêng ka tleng, a kiang thei lo.

Chung turnipui chhuak tûr ka ngai ngam lo,
Thangvâna romei zâm chiai tûr nên hian;
Tuarhar mi û, ka lung a lêng êm e.

Ni chhun a rei leh ruai ruai dawn mang e,
Phu loh zûn ngaiin laikhum thleh nêmah;
Tawnmang ka chhâl leh nang e lunglên vang.

𝐾𝑎 𝑁𝑢,

𝐼 𝑘𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝒉𝑢𝑡 𝑑𝑎𝑛𝑖𝑛 𝑚𝑖 𝑟𝑢𝑛 𝑒̂𝑚 𝑣𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑖𝑛,

𝑆𝑢̂𝑛𝑛𝑎 𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑡𝑢𝑖 𝑘𝑎 𝑓𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑟 𝑙𝑜 𝑛𝑎𝑛𝑔 𝑒,

𝐼 𝑟𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑔 𝑝𝑎𝑤𝒉 𝑡𝒉𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑎𝒉 𝑘𝑎 𝑧𝑎𝑙𝒉 𝑝𝒉𝑎𝑙 𝒉𝑒𝑘 𝑙𝑜,

𝑀𝑖𝑡𝑡𝒉𝑖 𝑝𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑝𝑎̂𝑟 𝑝𝑎𝑤𝒉 𝑘𝑎 𝑡𝒉𝑙𝑖𝑎𝒉 𝑙𝑜'𝑛𝑔 𝑐𝒉𝑒 𝑎,

𝑁𝑒𝑚𝑟𝑎̂𝑛𝑔 𝑝𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑖𝑛 𝑘𝑎 𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑚𝒉𝑙𝑎𝑤𝑚 𝒉𝑒𝑘 𝑙𝑜'𝑛𝑔 𝑐𝒉𝑒,

𝐾𝑎 𝑡𝒉𝑖𝑛𝑙𝑢𝑛𝑔 𝑙𝑒𝑖 𝑘𝒉𝑒𝑘𝑎𝒉 𝑧𝑎𝑤𝑘 𝑖 𝑟𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑔 𝑧𝑎𝑙𝒉𝑖𝑛,

𝑇𝑖𝑐𝒉𝑢𝑎𝑛, 𝑑𝑎𝑚 𝑐𝒉𝒉𝑢̂𝑛𝑔𝑖𝑛 𝑘𝑎 𝑠𝑢̂𝑛 𝑑𝑎̂𝑤𝑛 𝑐𝒉𝑒 𝑛𝑖𝑎,

𝐶𝒉𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑛 𝑛𝑎𝑛𝑔 𝑝𝑎𝑤𝒉 𝑘𝑎 𝑣𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑟𝒉𝑘𝑜𝒉 𝑛𝑖𝑖𝑛,

𝐾𝑎 𝑘𝑎𝑙, 𝑘𝑎 𝑙𝑢𝑡 𝑙𝑒𝒉 𝑐𝒉𝒉𝑢𝑎𝑘 𝑚𝑖 𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑔 𝑛𝑎𝑛𝑔 𝑐𝒉𝑒.

𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐑𝐚𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐋𝐮𝐜𝐫𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐚 𝐛𝐲 𝐖𝐢𝐥𝐥𝐢𝐚𝐦 𝐒𝐡𝐚𝐤𝐞𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐚𝐫𝐞

𝐓𝐡𝐮𝐡𝐦𝐚 - 510 BC niin Rome sipai hotu Sextus-a, chutih hun laia Rome lal Lucius Tarquinius-a fapa ni bawk chuan nu zahawm leh hmelţha tawpthang, a sipai pui Collatinius-a nupui Lucrecia chu a chenna in aţanga ru chhuakin a pawngsual ta a.

Lucrecia-i chuan a pa leh a pasal kovin amah pawngsualtu laka phuba la ngei turin thu a intiamtir ta a ni. Tichuan, amah pawngsualtu hming sawi chhuakin, chemte a la a. Amah leh amah a invit hlum zui ta a ni.

Lucrecia-i pa leh a pasal te chuan Rome mipuite thinlung chawk thovin, an lal chu an paihthla ta a. Tichuan, a vawi khat nân Rome chu mipui rorêlna hnuaiah a lo awm phah ta a ni. He thil thleng chungchang hi William Shakespeare-a chuan, Narrative Poem (thawnthu anga phuah hla hril) hmangin a lo phuah chhuak ta a ni.

𝐏𝐨𝐞𝐭𝐫𝐲 𝐙𝐢𝐚𝐫𝐚̂𝐧𝐠 - He hla hrilah hian Stanza (hla châng) 265 zet awmin, stanza khatah hla tlar 7 zel an awm a. A vaiin hla tlar 1855 zet an awm tihna a nih chu! Shakespeare-a hian Lucrecia phuah nân Rhyme Royal a hmang a ni.

Chaucer-a khân 'Troilus and Criseyde' narrative poem-ah he poetry ziarâng hi a hman bawk avangin, a châng chuan Troilus Stanza tih a ni bawk ţhin.

Rhyme Royal-ah chuan hla châng tinah tlar 7 zel awmin, a rhyme scheme chu ababbcc a ni. Iambic Pentameter (thumal pahnih ri sâng leh hniam a rem) hman niin, tlar tin hi lambi 10 zel hmanga rem a ni.

He hla hrilah hian zirlai ţha tak tak thur chhuah tur a tam hle a. Chutih rualin thu leh hla mawina leh rilna, Shakespeare-a zia hmuh tur hla châng tinah an awm bawk. Narrative poem lamah hian Mizote hi kan la pachhe hle rih chu a nih hi.

𝐅𝐢𝐠𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐞𝐜𝐡 - Lucrecia kaltlang hian Shakespeare-a thu thiamzia, hla rua a chheh thiamzia kan hmu chho leh mawlh mawlh a. Tlem azawng lo tarlang ta ila.

Hla tlar tina thumal hmasa ber consonant thumal hmanga rem phei diat diat, Alliteration hmuh tur tam tak zingah hla hril châng 9-na hi lo en ta ila.

From Venus’ doves doth challenge that fair field;
Then virtue claims from beauty beauty’s red,
Which virtue gave the golden age to gild
The coward captive vanquished doth yield
So guiltless she securely gives good cheer

Tlar hmasa berah dd leh ff hmanna hi kan hmu em? Doves leh doth, fair leh field kan hmu a. A dawtah bb, a dawt lehah ggg, chutiang zelin cc, sss, gg consonant hman nawnna kan hmu a nih hi.

Sapin Anaphora an tih mai, thumal inang hmanga ţawngkam khat (clause) rem pawh hmuh tur an awm nual.

Hla hril châng 7-naah hei hi kan hmu -

His honour, his affairs, his friends, his state

His tih thumal hman diat diat a nih dan a lo lang a. Hla hril tlar 588-naah pawh my tih hmanna kan hmu bawk -

Be moved with my tears, my sighs, my groans.

Hla hril tlar 981-985 chhova 'Let him have time' a hman dante hi pui tak a ni!

Let him have time to tear his curled hair,
Let him have time against himself to rave,
Let him have time of Time’s help to despair,
Let him have time to live a loathed slave,
Let him have time a beggar’s orts to crave.

Sapin Apostrophe an tih, hmuh theih loh thil, mihring boral tawh, hmun bik suangtuahna leh va sawinna kan hmu nual bawk.

A chunga thil thleng râpthlâk tak vanga Lucrecia-i lungchhiatna thu hla puanchhuah nâna, Apostrophe a hman dante mawlh hian min ti mür séng séng thei nia maw le!

Opportunity, Time leh Day a hman dan hi lo en ve teh -

O Opportunity! thy guilt is great,
Mis-shapen Time, copesmate of ugly Night,
Revealing day through every cranny spies...

Tehkhinthu, metaphor a han hman dante mawlh hi a themthiam thlak teh asin!

Unlock’d the treasure of his happy state,
What priceless wealth the heavens had him lent

tiin, Collatine-a nupui tehkhin nân treasure leh priceless wealth a han hmang zaih a, a nupui hlutzia leh chawimawi thiamzia hi!

Sable Night, mother of Dread and Fear

tihah Zan thim chu Nu angin a rawn tehkhin hlauhawm thiam zet mai.

Shame folded up in blind concealing night,
When most unseen, then most doth tyrannize

tihah thung chuan mi nunrawng ber tehkhin nân Shame a rawn hmang thung a, a hmang fuh teh e!

Thumal inletling tháwk hmanga thumal awmze nei phuah kawngah Shakespeare-a chungnunzia kan hmu leh a. Oxymoron mawi zet zet a hmanna lo en ila -

earthly saint,
poorly rich,
O modest wantons! wanton modesty!

Personification, thil hmuh theih loh emaw eng thil emaw hmanga mihring khaikhinna/tehkhinna a hman dan lo en ta ila -

And wilt thou be the school where Lust shall learn?
Must he in thee read lectures of such shame?

tihah hian tisa châkna âwmkhauh tak chu, zirlai naupang angin a rawn khaikhin/tehkhin zaih mai a nih hi!

Shakespeare-a aia thu uar (hyperbole) thiam, imagery hmang thiam ka la hmu lo. A hnuaia hla châng ka chhiar zawng ringawt pawhin, ka mitthlaa ka thil hmuhte chuan min ti mur sung sung thei nia maw le!

O comfort-killing Night, image of hell!
Dim register and notary of shame!
Black stage for tragedies and murders fell!
Vast sin-concealing chaos! nurse of blame!
Blind muffled bawd! dark harbour for defame!

E khai! Rin aiin a lo thui leh ta duah mai. He hla hril kal tlanga zirlai ngaihnawm tak takte pawh kan la en hman si lo. Hla thu mawi tak takte lah ka la phawrh bawk si lo. Lucrecia-i phuba lak a nih dante pawh!

Eng pawh ni se, nidangah chungte chu kan la thlir za leh thei turah ngai mai ang aw. A mood-a chen hi a awlai ta lo hle a. Ka ţhiannuin duhsak taka Complete Works of Shakespeare mi leisakna pawh, kum tam a ni ta.

Lucrecia bakah Venus & Adonis-te hi han thlurbing a châkawm takzet a. Mahse, khâwl thluak nei khawvelah, Social Platform hrang hrang avangin thu leh hla chhiar peih tak tak kan vâng ta hi, a pawi ngawt a lo ni e.

𝐊𝐚 𝐍𝐮 𝐊𝐡𝐚 !

(𝐾𝑎 𝑛𝑢 𝑑𝑢𝒉𝑡𝑎𝑘, 𝑣𝑎𝑤𝑖𝑖𝑛 𝑖 𝑡𝒉𝑖𝒉 𝑐𝒉𝑎𝑚𝑝𝒉𝑎 𝑝𝒉𝑎̂𝑘𝑎𝒉 𝒉𝑖𝑎𝑛 𝑖𝑛 𝒉𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝑛𝑒𝑛, 𝑛𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑚𝑎𝒉 𝒉𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑡 𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑔 𝑛𝑎̂𝑛 𝑐𝒉𝑎𝑤𝒉𝑙𝑢𝑖 𝑘𝑎𝑛 𝒉𝑎𝑛 𝑘𝑖𝑙𝒉𝑜 𝑎𝑛𝑔 𝑒 𝑎𝑤. 𝐾𝑎𝑛 𝑛𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑖𝑛 𝑘𝑎𝑛 𝑡𝒉𝑙𝑎𝒉𝑙𝑒𝑙 𝑣𝑎𝑤𝑛𝑔 𝑣𝑎𝑤𝑛𝑔 𝑐𝒉𝑒 𝑎. 𝐾𝑎𝑛 𝑘𝒉𝑢𝑎 𝑎 𝒉𝑎𝑟 𝑒̂𝑚 𝑒̂𝑚 𝑎 𝑛𝑖 𝑠𝑖 𝑎. 𝑀𝑎𝒉𝑠𝑒, 𝑚𝑖𝑛 𝒉𝑎𝑛 𝑛𝑔𝑎𝑖𝒉𝑡𝑢𝑎𝒉 𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑢𝑘 𝑙𝑜 𝑙𝑎, 𝑃𝑎𝑡𝒉𝑖𝑎𝑛 𝑘𝑎𝑛 𝒉𝑛𝑒𝑛𝑎𝒉 𝑎 𝑎𝑤𝑚 𝑒. 𝐾𝑎 𝑝𝑎 𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑤𝒉𝑖𝑛 𝑎 𝑛𝑔𝑎𝑖 𝑧𝑢𝑎𝑙 ț𝒉𝑖𝑛 𝑐𝒉𝑒 𝑠𝑖 𝑎, 𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑔 𝑙𝑎𝑚𝑎𝒉 𝑎 𝑟𝑒𝑚 𝑐𝒉𝑢𝑎𝑛 𝑙𝑜 𝑡𝑙𝑎𝑤𝒉 𝑣𝑒 ț𝒉𝑖𝑛 𝑡𝑎 𝑐𝒉𝑒 𝑎𝑤)

Ka nu fakna thu ka ziak ngai em ni? A nih loh leh mi nute aia a chungnunna reng ka ziak tawh ngai em? A chanchin ziah tuma ka kut fùk, vawi tam ka bengdai țhin a. A chanchin kimchang ziak turin, lehkhapuanin a daih hian ka ring lova ni!

Mite'n amah an fakna leh, an chawimawina lo ri chhuakte chu ka duhtâwk êm êm țhin. Mahse, anni meuh pawhin ka nu kha a kim lovin an hria a. A kim lovin a chanchin an sawi țhin si a. Keiina sawi mawi chawp leh fak der ngai hauh lovin, a nun hmangin KA NU a nihna a lo lantir tawh a nih kha!

𝐅𝐚𝐩𝐚 5 𝐞𝐧𝐤𝐚𝐰𝐥 𝐩𝐮𝐢𝐭𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐠𝐭𝐮 𝐚 𝐧𝐢 -

Ka nu kha kum 19 a nihin, sawrkar hna a thawk der tawh a. Mipa hlir 5 nei si khân, vawi khat mah awmpui a la lo! Nitin a sawrkar hna thawk chung khân, keini a fate kha tlin takin min enkawl theih piahah, ka pa pate unau zinga mi ka pu Hranga a la enkawl zui bawk!

Ka pu Hranga lah zun leh ek cheh mai țhin, puitling taksa pu si a naupang chhia ang maia khawsa țhin a ni. Kan naupan lai hian kohhranah a inhman êm êm ka hre ngai lo. In lamah rinawm takin min kilkawiin, min hlatsan ngai lo a nih kha. Zanah min lensan ngai lo a, arpuiin a note a uap angin min uap tlat țhin.

𝐋𝐞𝐡𝐤𝐡𝐚 𝐚 𝐜𝐡𝐡𝐢𝐚𝐫 𝐧𝐚𝐬𝐚 -

Ka nu khân lehkhabu a chhiar nasa țhin hle a. Tun thleng hian 80's chho ațanga a chhiar tam pawl tak, Reader Digest-te kha kan la dah țha khiau mai. Chutia nu berin lehkhabu a chhiar peih tak tlat si avangin, keini unau pawhin lehkhabu kan chhiar nasat phah hle a ni. Ka nu kha sap țawng thiam tak niin, ka graduate hnuah pawh sap țawnga harsatna ka neiha ka biakrawn ber a ni reng a ni.

𝐍𝐮 𝐭𝐚𝐢𝐦𝐚 𝐥𝐞𝐡 𝐭𝐡𝐢𝐚𝐦 𝐭𝐡𝐢𝐥 𝐧𝐠𝐚𝐡 𝐚 𝐧𝐢 -

Ka nu kha a awm mai mai ngai lo. Ngawi reng hian hna hi a thawk mawlh mawlh reng mai a. Ka nu khân thiam thil a ngah hle a. Puan a țhuiin puan a tah thiam a. A țul chuan kawr pawh a zai ve mai thei zel bawk. Chu mai bakah lo lam hna te, cement hna, thlai chin leh lo lam hna engkim kha a khawih thei vek a.

Hman lai Mizo nulain an thiam tur ang zawng zawng, la phiar thlengin a thiam vek a ni ber. Chutih laiin Lady Diana a ngaihsan țhinzia, Jackie Kennedy nena an sam tih dan a entawn nasat ve țhinzia kha! Mi inzir mi a nih avangin, a thiam loh pawh kha a zir chawp zel a. A harsatna sukiang tur tâwkin a thiam ve mai zel a ni.

𝐀 𝐡𝐫𝐢𝐚𝐭𝐧𝐚 𝐚 𝐳𝐚𝐮 𝐡𝐥𝐞 -

Ka nu knowledge kha a zau ngawt mai. India khua leh tuia mi langsar chinte chanchin hi a hre vek emaw ni aw ka ti țhin. Chutih rualin khawvel huapa mi langsar chinte chanchin, khawvel histawri leh ram ropuite chanchin thlengin a hre êm êm a nih kha. A thil chhiar tawh hi a theihnghilh mai mai ngai lo ni berin ka hria.

𝐌𝐢𝐭𝐞'𝐧 𝐚𝐧 𝐧𝐠𝐚𝐢𝐧𝐚 𝐭𝐥𝐚𝐭 𝐳𝐞𝐥 -

Ka nu kha a hnathawhna avangin hmun hran hranah a awm ve lawp lawp țhin a. A va awmna hmun apiangah mite ngainat a va hlawh thei zel a. A thisen zawmpuite ai pawha inpawhna thûk inzawmna a va neihpui thei zel tlat a ni!

Ka chhûng leh khat a tihte kha, chî leh kuangah emaw thisenah emaw inlaichinna pakhatmah nei si lo khân, an thisen zawmpui ang maiin an ngainain lawm a hlawh thei zel tlat a ni. Khawi hmunah pawh va awm se, ka inpui a nih hi tih theih tur chhûng leh khat a va chhar thei zel a ni. Naupang ațanga a rualpui, pitar putar thlengin ka nu khân ngainat a hlawh êm êm thei zel a ni.

𝐊𝐡𝐚𝐰𝐧𝐠𝐚𝐢𝐡𝐧𝐚 𝐧𝐠𝐚𝐡 𝐦𝐢 𝐚 𝐧𝐢 -

Ka nu kha mi berhte te, chanhai leh riangvai te'n an ngaina êm êm zel a. Kan inah hian chutiang mite chu zalen takin an lo lênglut țhin. Mi harsa zawk leh dinhmun hniam zawkte khawngaih thei mi a ni a. Chawhmeh zuar harsa tak takte tân thlengin, thlamuantu duhawm ber a ni țhin.

Ka nu kha a unaute belh ber, an inthlamuanna ve ber a ni a. Chutih rualin ka pa chhûngte lam pawhin an belh ber, an innghahna kulhpui a ni tlat bawk. Harsatna an tawh reng renga ka nu an rawn punin, a tlanchhe ngai lo.

Nu rilru paukhauh leh mi chak a ni -

A hmel leh a pian han en mai chuan, nu zan mai leh tel fel at kha a ni a. Mahse, a tih tawh loh chinah chuan nu rilru sak ber, a țanna hmun sawhsawn duh map lo a ni thung lawi si! Nu zaidam leh thinnel tak zawng a ni ngei a. Mahse, mipa tam tak aiin a paukhauhin a rorum zawk tih a fapa hian ka hre chiang êm êm a ni.

𝐌𝐢 𝐩𝐢𝐚𝐧𝐠 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐫 𝐝𝐢𝐤 𝐭𝐚𝐤 𝐚 𝐧𝐢 -

A nunah mite'n Isua an hmuh tlat avangin, keini hian a piang thar tih kan sawi a ngai hran lo. A rawngbawlpuite leh amah belbula hre chiang apiangin a nihna an hai ngai lo a nih kha. Kan naupan lai chuan kohhranah a inhmang lem lo.

Mahse, kan han puitlin hnuah erawh a theihna zawng zawng Krista leh a kohhran tân a hmang zo a ni ber. Țawngțai ngaina mi niin, tu leh fate tân chaw ngheia țawngțai țhin, zing țawngțai țhulh khât tak niin, a țawngțaina kha kei phei chuan ka thlahlel zual țhin.

Chutih rualin bible a cghiar taima êm êm bawk. Bible hi mite hriat lohin vawi tam a chhiar chhuak tawh a. Kum tin hian vawi hnih khat tal a chhiar chhuak ngei ngei țhin. Khatia a kumte a han tam tak hnu kha chuan, khawvel lam chanchin ziahna lehkhabu a chhiar nasat êm êm țhinte kha thlauhthla fel hmakin, Kristianna kaihhnawih lehkhabu leh bible bak a chhiar ngai tawh miah lo!

𝐍𝐮 𝐡𝐚𝐮𝐭𝐚𝐤 𝐥𝐨 𝐛𝐞𝐫 𝐚 𝐧𝐢 -

A rawngbawlpuite sawi dan takah, nu thawm zawiawite sia mi țangkai êm êm a ni tih sawi hi ka hreh hauh lo. Ka nu khân hlawh tam tak a nei chungin, rangkachak leh tlereuh lam chi reng reng a inlei ngai lo a. Thuamhnaw lah ni se, secondhand a uarin man tlawm te te hlir a inbel a. A tlereuh ngainat ber chu Pearl a ni chungin, chu pawh a inlei chuang lo.

A khawsak a hautak lovin, a che awlsam êm êm a. Duh ni se, a mit it zawng apiang lei thei a ni. Mahse, chu ai chuan rawngbawlna kawngah sum leh pai nasa takin a hmang zawk țhin a. Mite țanpui turin a inpeih var reng zawk țhin. Engkim tehfungah Pathian a hman tlat tawh avangin, khawvel thilah buaina a nei ngai tawh lo a nih kha.

𝐙𝐢𝐚𝐡 𝐭𝐮𝐫 𝐤𝐚 𝐯𝐚 𝐥𝐚 𝐧𝐠𝐚𝐡 𝐞̂𝐦 -

Ka nu chungchang thuah ziah tur ka va la ngah êm! Mahse, ka duhtâwk tawh mai ang e. Ka nu kha mi nute angin langsarin ropui lua lo mah se, keini unau tân chuan nu ropui ber a va ni chiang êm! Hmangaihna leh khawngaihna ngah mi, mi rethei leh chumchhia lainata tuamhlawm țhintu, rawngbawlna kawnga insumkarna nei lo, fate hmangaihtu rinawm ber, kan engkima kan engkim a ni si a.

Mipa hlir ni lo ila zawng, tlemin ka nu boral hian min nghawng nâ lo deuh mahna! Kan hmeichhe neihchhun, chutih ruala kawng tinrenga chhûngkua kaihruaia enkawltu leh dawmkangtu a nih tlat avangin, ka paho hian kan khua a har tawp thei lo a.

Hma lam pana ke pen kan thiam lo ngang a nih hi. Ka pa khawhar tak ka hmuh a, ka nu vanga a khawhar dan a han sawite hian, ka va hnem thiam lovin ka va lainat țhin êm! Kum 45 nupa lo ni tawh, hetia amah maia ka pa a han khawsate hi a châng chuan hmuh a hreawm țhin. Nasa takin kan țawngțaisak leh ngawt țhin a nih hi.

Ka nu, i hmun ruak kalsan hi a zauin a thûk êm a, i tel lo chuan châng rêl pawh kan thiam lo a nih hi. Mahse, kan zain hetia van hmun nuama i hahchawl ta hi kan lawmpuiin kan thik mawlh lo che tih i han hre ve reng țhin dâwn nia.

𝑵𝒂𝒏𝒈 𝒌𝒂𝒏 𝒏𝒈𝒂𝒊𝒉 𝒂𝒑𝒊𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒊𝒏 𝒑𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒑𝒂̂𝒓 𝒃𝒂𝒘𝒓 𝒌𝒉𝒂𝒕,
𝑫𝒂𝒘𝒏𝒈 𝒛𝒊𝒂𝒉 𝒂𝒏𝒈 𝒏𝒊 𝒊𝒍𝒂, 𝒕𝒖𝒏𝒂𝒉 𝒛𝒆𝒕 𝒛𝒂𝒘𝒏𝒈,
𝑲𝒖𝒎𝒕𝒍𝒖𝒂𝒏𝒂 𝒇𝒂𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒂𝒎 𝒑𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒑𝒂̂𝒓 𝒉𝒖𝒂𝒏 𝒎𝒂𝒘𝒊 𝒃𝒆𝒓,
𝑷𝒂̂𝒓 𝒕𝒊𝒏 𝒗𝒖𝒍𝒏𝒂𝒂𝒉 𝒌𝒂𝒏 𝒍𝒆̂𝒏𝒈 𝒅𝒂̂𝒘𝒏 𝒔𝒊 𝒂!

𝐉𝐅 𝐋𝐚𝐥𝐝𝐚𝐢𝐥𝐨𝐯𝐚 𝐬𝐚𝐩 ț𝐚𝐰𝐧𝐠 𝐭𝐡𝐢𝐚𝐦𝐳𝐢𝐚 !

JF-a Mizo țawng thiamzia an sawi fo va. A sap țawng thiamzia erawh entirna nena miin an chhawpchhuah, kei chuan ka la chhiar mang hlek lo thung.

Ethel-i, Zarbawihi hnena a lehkhathawnah hian, figure of speech zinga Mizo thu leh hla thiamte'n an hman thiam zen zen loh, antanaclasis chu Dungtawia hian a rawn hmang thiam ngang mai a!

Antanaclasis chu thumal pakhat ni si, sentence-a thu awmze hran daiha hman kawpna hi a ni. Homonymy nen hian ngaihfin loh tur a ni. Homonymy-ah chuan thumal lam rik dan inang, write/right, know/no, waste/waist hmangin sentence siam a ni țhin.

Dungtawia'n Ethel-i hnena thu a thawn hi lo en ta ila.

"Don't snap at me by not sending me you (r) snap"

"But a negative of it should not be denied in the negative"

"Merely dating letters is not necessary unless i can date the one whom i am addressing"

Snap hi sap țawngah chuan thlalak sawina a ni a, chutih rual chiah chuan fik hmawk sawina a ni bawk.

Thu awmze nei mawi tak sawi nâna snap a rawn hman dan hi, thu leh hla khawvelah hian a û veng veng teh e!

Thlalak la print chhuah loh sawina negative leh, thil lawmawm loh sawina negative a han thlei kual vel zet hi zawng, a thiam leh lutuk hi sawi vak ngaihna a awm lo!

Hunbi tarlanna țawngkam dating leh, nula tlangval inrimna țawngkam hmanga Ethel-i a han dek kual thiamzia hi, a hun lai khân kan Ethel-i hian Dungtawia sap țawng thiamzia hriat fiah phah nân, a lo hmu fiah ve thiam ang em tih a ngaihtuah loh theih loh.

Ani hi sap țawng a thiam tih tura pui hi an tam ta viau mai. Mahse, literature khawvela Literary Device (figure of speech) hmang thiam chungchuang, JF-a tualchaina hmuna ring han rawlh phâk tur awm mi, an thu leh hla ațanga tehfung leklam theih tur erawh, kei chuan ka hmu zo mang tlat lo. Ka chhiar tlem vangte pawh a nih ngei ka ring.

Mizo țawng thiam tak tak, an kutchhuak a zira zir tham zawng kan ngah viau mai. Mahse, a țawng neitu zawk sapho khûm zák khawpa sap țawng thiam Zofa erawh, Zoram khawvelah hian an lo tam lo hle tih hi ka hmuh dan a ni e.