English Literature - I

Mi tin thinlung chhûnga ruak awm reng ţhin hian ka nunah khawharna khawvel mal leh riangvai tak rawn dinin chhun pachan lai takte hian suangtuahna khawvel hrutin hmun tinah thlarau rethei, chawlhna hmu lo ang maiin ka vak ruai ţhin.

Nunhlui ngaihna, suangtuahna hlimthla leh hringnun kum chhiar liam takte’n inthurual ang hrima chemte anga min vih faih faih changte ka chenna khawvel lo hruta lo fang chipchiar tawhtute bawk hian min hnem thei chauh ţhin.

Romanticism Age – He huna hnu kan chhui kir chang chuan English Poetry hmelhmang thlak danglam thàwktute suangtuahnaah an lo lang iarh iarh. Kum zabi 18-naa hlahril kalphung fel tak an hman hmang lova zalenna inpe mi pangate nun hi han en ila. Lunglênna khawvel leh damrei lohna hian inzawmna an nei tlat emaw tih mai tur a ni fo.

Wordsworth-a khan leilungin thinlung a chawh harh theih dan rawn tlangaupuiin Coleridge-a thung chu khawvel ngaiha thil thleng mak (supernatural) a rawn aupui a. Byron, Shelley leh Keats-te khan duhawmna, thutak leh suangtuahna khawvel min rawn sihhmuh zuai a, rei rial lovin mual min liamsan leh thuai ta mai a. An hun laia an ânhlate kha khawvel chuan a hre ta reng a nih hi.

Hringnun tuihalna a nasat vang lai tak kum 1789-a French Revolution a lo chhuah a, mipui lungawi lohna a puahkeh a, an lalpa Louis XVI lû an tansak hun lai leh chung hun hnaih takah vek, England rama loneitute’n Industrial Revolution a lo chhuah avanga an ram leh mahni intundin theihna an chân lai khan kha khawvel thim tak chhun êng turin heng hlahril phuahtu duhawm tak tak hi an lo chhuak a nih kha. Keini pawhin Rambuai Literature kan neih ve hi.

Kum 1798 aţanga 1832  chhûng khan William Wordsworth-a leh Samuel Coleridge te chuan Romanticism sih hawn nân an hlahril ‘Lyrical Ballads’ an rawn chhuah ta a. Coleridge-a hlahril ‘Rime of the Ancient Mariner’ hmanga bulţanin Wordsworth-a hlahril ‘Tintern Abbey’ hmangin leilung mawina leh hringnun inlaichinna an rawn puang chhuak a.

Anni bakah hian John Keats, William Blake, Thomas Grey etc te’n vûng rawn chhuah vein khawvela buaina lo thleng ţhinte hi leilung nena inlungrual taka thawhhona vangin lak kian theih a ni tih thuchah an rawn puang ta a ni.

Anni bakah hian hlahril phuahtu ţha tak tak; Percy Shelley leh a hlahril To a Skylark te, Percy Shelley leh a hlahril hmingthang Mont Blanc te, John Clare-a The Yellowhammer’s Nest te, Robert Burns leh a hla A red, red rose te, John Keats-a hla ropui To Autumn leh Ode on a Grecian Urn te, Victor Hugo, Lord Byron hla She Walks in Beauty te chuan hringnun awmzia an rawn chhuiin thinlung ruak an rawn hnawh khat ta a ni.

Aw, a chang chuan hmangaihna khawvelah thûk takin kan inchiah pil vang vang a. A chang leh leilung mawina leh duhawmna fangin tlâng kan chuan ţhin a ni si a! Hmangaih lehkhathawn lungrûn ber ber hmangin kan inawitlei a, hringnun kaltlangin kan ţap a, kan nui hawk hawk bawk ţhin a nih hi.

Mahse, he Era-ah hian ka hahchawl hlen thei mai ngai lo va. A tawpa a tawpah chuan Renassaince hunah bawk ka khawharna chuan min hruai kir leh ţhin. A chhan pawh William Shakespeare-a tualchai lai hun a nih tlat avangin!

Renaissance Era – Mihring thiamna a ţhang zel a, William Caxton-a’n Printing Press a han hmuhchhuah takah chuan he hun pawimawh lutuk hi a lo thlen theih phah pawh ti ila, kan tisual hauh lovang.

He hun chhûng ngeiah hian alawm sap thumal thar diai 1700 chuang chher thar a, a thu leh hlate’n hringnun kum chhiar zawng zawng an hrut kim biai a, Bible tih lohah chuan mite’n an chhiar nasat ber thu leh hla hnutchhiahtu a rawn inlâr tak ni!

He hunah hian mi pawimawh tak pathum, William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe leh Ben Jonson-te kan hmu a. Marlowe-a hi naupang taka a boral tlat avangin khawvelah tuma elphak rual loh ni turin Shakespeare-a’n hnuhma ropui a hnutchhiah theih phah ta a ni. Ben Johson-a reng mai hian a nihna a pholang thiam narawh e – He was not of an age, but for all time’ a lo ti diam tawh a ni si a.

He mihring hian naupang, tleirawl leh tun hun ka hman mek laia ka khawvel dai phak leh tawnhriat zawng zawngte hi nalh fahran, lung tilêng, ţah tichhuak, nuih tiza, khawharthlak thei ang berin min puansak zo vek tawh emaw tih mai tur a ni a! Chutih reng lai chuan a kutchhuak 70% vel chu ka la chhui hman loh leh ka la fan hman loh an la ni ta dah a nia!

Ka ziah tui tehreng nen thingpui ina min koh tlat chule…….Shakespeare-a chanchinin chhunzawm leh thuai kan tum dawn nia.